Jurnal Online Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

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Predation of Five Generalist Predators on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål)

SRI KARINDAH

Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University Jalan Veteran Malang 65145 Telp.: +62-341-575843, Faks: +62-341-569237, E-mail: karindah@ub.ac.id

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ABSTRAK

Predasi Lima Predator Generalis pada Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål). Metioche vittaticollis dan Anaxipha longipennis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) adalah predator generalis di habitat sawah yang belum banyak diteliti di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini diamati dan dibandingkan daya mangsa kedua predator tersebut dengan Paederus fuscipes (Staphylinidae), Ophionea sp. (Carabidae) dan Micraspis sp. (Coccinellidae) pada nimfa wereng batang coklat Nilaparvata lugens (instar ke- 4 dan ke- 5) di laboratorium. Sebanyak 20 nimfa N. lugens diberikan pada masing-masing predator selama 2 jam dan pemberian mangsa dilakukan selama 5 hari berturut-turut. M. vittaticollis memangsa nimfa wereng batang coklat paling banyak dan selanjutnya diikuti berturut-turut oleh A. longipennis, Micraspis sp., P. fuscipes, dan Ophionea sp. Daya mangsa M. vittaticollis dan A. longipennis lebih tinggi daripada ketiga predator yang lain. Micraspis sp. lebih aktif memangsa pada pagi hari, sedangkan M. vittaticolis, A. longipennis, P. fuscipes dan Ophionea sp. lebih aktif memangsa pada pagi dan malam hari. Kelima species predator tersebut tidak aktif memangsa pada siang hari. Dengan melihat kemampuan mem-predasinya yang tinggi, suatu usaha yang sungguh-sungguh perlu dilakukan untuk melestarikan predator-predator tersebut, khususnya M. vittaticollis dan A. longipennis.

KATA KUNCI : Konsumsi mangsa, Metioche vittaticollis, Anaxipha longipennis

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ABSTRACT

Predation of Five Generalist Predators on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål). Two generalist predators of brown planthopper, Metioche vittaticollis and Anaxipha longipennis (Gryllidae) have not been much studied in Indonesia. This research was conducted to study and compare the predatory ability of M. vittaticollis, A. longipennis (Gryllidae) and three coleopterans, Paederus fuscipes (Staphylinidae), Ophionea sp. (Carabidae), and Micraspis sp. (Coccinellidae) against brown planthopper (fourth and fifth instars) under laboratory condition. In total, 20 nymphs of N. lugens were exposed for 2 hour to each predator for 5 consecutive days. Prey consumptions by the predatory crickets, M. vittaticollis and A. longipennis were greater than the other predators and followed by A. longipennis, Micraspis sp., P. fuscipes, and Ophionea sp. respectively Consumption rates of M. vittaticolis and A. longipenis were also higher than other predators. Micraspis sp was more active on predation in the morning, while M. vittaticollis, A. longipennis, P. fuscipes, and Ophionea sp. were more active both in the morning and the night but not in the afternoon. However, all five species of predators were not so active in preying during the afternoon. In conclusion, a major effort should be extended to conserve these predatory crickets especially M. vittaticollis and A. longipennis.

KEY WORDS: Prey consumption, Metioche vittaticollis, Anaxipha longipennis

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